[{"jcr:title":"How to integrate transport systems in metropolitan regions","cq:tags_0":"area-de-conhecimento:políticas-públicas/urbanismo","cq:tags_1":"centro-de-conhecimento:laborat-rio-arq--futuro-de-cidades"},{"richText":"With two lectures and a panel, the meeting details the successful experiences of New York and Goiânia and discusses paths that can be followed by other cities","author":"Tiago Cordeiro","madeBy":"Por","tag":"centro-de-conhecimento:laborat-rio-arq--futuro-de-cidades","title":"How to integrate transport systems in metropolitan regions","variant":"imagecolor"},{"containerType":"containerTwo"},{"jcr:title":"Grid Container Section","layout":"responsiveGrid"},{"targetId":"compartilhar1","text":"Confira mais em:","tooltipText":"Link copiado com sucesso."},{"text":"There is usually no doubt among experts that metropolitan management represents the best way to bring efficiency and better service to public transport systems in cities. This is not a conceptual belief, so to speak: there are success stories that prove that this is a strategy that has everything to succeed. This was what was seen in Madrid, for example, in the 1980s. There, the reduction in service production costs reached 30%. Still, cities like São Paulo are unable to advance this agenda. In Brazil, state and municipal administrations in the metropolitan region compete with each other, with different payment systems, overlapping lines and a lack of efficiency in the formation of teams of employees. The subject of undeniable relevance was debated at the event Metropolitan Management of Urban Mobility: Barriers and Steps for implementation, which addressed a successful international experience, that of New York, and another national one, that of Goiânia. The event — the first held by the National Observatory of Sustainable Mobility, a partnership between Insper's Arq.Futuro de Cidades Laboratory and the CCR Group — brought together leaders at municipal, state and federal levels, as well as representatives from the private sector and development banks. “A citizen who lives in Guarulhos needs to have a card and will pay a full municipal bus fare to get to the terminal. There, he will pay a new full fare to board a state bus. When disembarking in São Paulo, the capital, you will need to use a new card, with a third fare”, explained lawyer Sérgio Avelleda, former secretary of Mobility and Transport of the capital of São Paulo, former president of the São Paulo Metro and Companhia Paulista de Metropolitan Trains (CPTM) and coordinator of the Urban Mobility Center of Insper's Arq.Futuro de Cities Laboratory, which houses the Observatory in its structure. “With this, what are we saying to this citizen? That he should not use public transport”, Avelleda pointed out at the opening of the meeting, in which he acted as moderator. “If it were a single metropolitan management, this citizen would have a card, integrated rates with discounts, a single network, unique information, a single application. However, integration does not get off the ground. The central question of this debate is: what are the resistances, the barriers that we need to overcome?” At the opening of the event, held on April 26th, Tomas Alvim, general coordinator of the Arq.Futuro Laboratory, highlighted the importance of discussing metropolitan management and pointed out: “Urban problems have become complex and require a systemic, multidisciplinary approach. That's why we created a city laboratory within a business school. We want to think about urban challenges based on their transformational processes”.   North American example The meeting was divided into three parts. Firstly, the metropolitan integration experience carried out in New York was presented by Brittany Montgomery, senior advisor for special projects and initiatives to the presidency of New York City Transit, the North American megalopolis' transit authority. Afterwards, Miguel Angelo Pricinote, Undersecretary of Cities and Transport of the government of the state of Goiás, presented the results of the actions in the capital, Goiânia. Finally, a debate sought to reflect on the data presented in search of ways to implement metropolitan management in other urban areas, especially in São Paulo. Montgomery presented in detail the characteristics of New York's metropolitan management, the difficulties encountered in achieving integration over the last few decades — and also the advantages and efficiencies achieved with such a management standard. He recalled that the metropolitan area of New York is more than six times larger than that of São Paulo, with more than 35 thousand square kilometers, where approximately 20 million inhabitants live. To integrate different modes efficiently, she reported, it was necessary to integrate a constellation of 21 entities, governmental and non-governmental, at local, state, regional and national levels. “Since the 1960s, the United States federal government began thinking about the issue of metropolitan management. It was when they built many roads and created and strengthened administrative areas, one for each organized area with over 50 thousand residents”, she said. Montgomery is an engineer and urban planner, recognized as an influential leader in strategic, technological and operational issues in the area of cities and urban mobility. Montgomery came to Brazil to participate in the Insper event and made a point of giving her presentation in Portuguese. “The person who should be the focus is always the citizen. In all our efforts to coordinate actions between different actors, we cannot lose sight of the fact that work must always keep people at the center of attention”, she highlighted. The expert also proposed a guide to advance this agenda, with questions that should guide the implementation of a metropolitan transport authority: What are the goals in metropolitan urban transport management? Who should participate and in what capacity? What are the powers that must act for metropolitan management to be successful? Where does the money come from? How will metropolitan management be implemented? “It is necessary to respond to each of them according to the local context. It is not enough to copy an experience in another area and replicate it. Each metropolis has its own characteristics”, she assessed. In fact, her presentation was followed by the report of a case with very different characteristics: the Metropolitan region of Goiânia, which has 2.6 million inhabitants"},{"jcr:title":"Miguel Setas, Denis Andia, Tomas Alvim and Sérgio Avelleda during the debate","fileName":"Gestão Metropolitana de Mobilidade Urbana_2024 (2).jpg","alt":"Miguel Setas, Denis Andia, Tomas Alvim and Sérgio Avelleda during the debate"},{"text":"  Success in the Brazilian Center-West Miguel Angelo Pricinote is the national coordinator of the Mova-se Mobility Forum and was previously director of Transport at RedeMob Consórcio (GO), deputy director of Viação Reunidas (GO) and executive director of ReuMob. In the position of undersecretary in the government of Goiás, he works to sustain and expand the legacy that, in Sérgio Avelleda's assessment, constitutes the best experience in metropolitan management of urban mobility in Brazil. “The key word is integration, determined by state law. We have a system that covers 19 municipalities, with a single tariff and an app access ecosystem with 3.6 million monthly accesses”, he explained. The fact that the city, founded in 1933, was a planned city contributes to successful management, noted Pricinote, as does the size of the metropolitan region, with its 21 municipalities. But, beyond local characteristics, a vision focused on managing the region as a whole proved decisive. “Only two municipalities in the region did not adhere to the metropolitan management system, which was implemented in the 1970s,” Pricinote reported. “Today, two companies are responsible for all transportation links in all 19 participating municipalities, which generates synergy. Regardless of where you use the region's public transport system, the fare is the same, access is the same, for 293 lines, which serve 10 million trips per month, based on a fleet of 1,269 buses, 23 terminals and 19 stations.”   Open debate The event concluded with a debate that involved the mediator, the two speakers and six other participants: Miguel Setas, CEO of the CCR Group, Gilmar Miranda, Secretary of Mobility of São Paulo, Manuel Botelho, executive secretary of Metropolitan Transport of the State of São Paulo, Denis Andia, national secretary of Urban Mobility, Luciana Costa, director of Investments at the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES), and Ana Beatriz Monteiro, leading specialist in Transport and coordinator of Transport Projects at the Inter-American Development Banl (IDB) Brazil. “São Paulo is the fifth largest metropolis in the world. Aware of the complexities of this and other metropolises, CCR, which is the seventh largest private mobility company in the world, has an investment plan of 33 billion reais to be made in the coming years”, commented Setas. “We are all together facing the same challenge: integrating alternatives for the population, bringing together all participants involved in this provision of services. It is unquestionable that public transport is a key factor of economic development.” Miranda, in turn, presented the point of view of the municipal management of the capital of São Paulo, which manages more than 13 thousand buses and serves residents from all other municipalities in the metropolitan region. “The first point to be analyzed when we think about the development of public transport is to focus on joint planning, be it the distribution of each of the municipalities, or the issue of state support, when individual city halls would not be able to carry out a specific construction project alone. We have 39 autonomous municipalities, plus a state government, meaning there are 40 entities, each with a separate ideological and legal structure.” Botelho, in turn, presented the vision of the São Paulo state government. “Whoever uses public transport benefits not themselves, but society as a whole. However, after the pandemic, we are losing users in the transport system. The cost of producing services can no longer be covered by the tariff. Users cannot pay for the entire cost of transport and it is fair for society to contribute a subsidy”, he argued. A possible path for integration, he pointed out, is the integration between ABC São Paulo and the capital using an entirely electric fleet BRT system, built with support from BNDES.     Focusing on inclusion Andia, speaking on behalf of the National Secretariat for Urban Mobility, commented on the federal government's effort to create an agenda focused on metropolitan management. “What leads a mayor to think in metropolitan terms is necessity. Without this, he will always prefer to conduct management under his or her control, within the limits of each municipality. This requires a change in attitude, and it needs to be induced, not only for transportation, but also for other demands, such as health.” Costa, from BNDES, reinforced the bank's commitment to promoting actions focused on metropolitan management. “BNDES is conducting an unprecedented study, which will investigate, at a level of detail never seen before, the characteristic typology of all metropolitan regions in Brazil in terms of urban mobility. At the end of this process, we will arrive at a diagnosis, what they need and what type of project will be necessary to provide solutions. It will then be much easier to finance and aggregate.” Transport is one of the factors that most contribute to a country's democracy, he noted. “It can even be an agent of social and gender equality.” Monteiro, from IDB Brazil, agreed. “Today, in Brazil, those who most prefer to use the public transport system are women. Those who are able to, use cars or motorcycles. Investing in integrated systems therefore represents an important inclusion agenda. The IDB has sought to integrate the various actors, and in this sense, the solution provided by the metropolitan region of Goiânia is exemplary.” Summarizing the event, Avelleda said that it achieved all its objectives. “The idea was to bring together the main Brazilian authorities, especially from the metropolitan region of São Paulo, development banks, academia, represented by Insper, and the private sector, represented by CCR, for a frank and direct debate about the difficulties and what steps should we take to implement metropolitan urban mobility management. Each one exposed the need to advance metropolitan management, as well as the difficulties and contributions that each sector can make.”   English version:  Ana Clara Kransfeld English version review: Randy Charles Epping"}]